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Viruses and spyware are programs that are installed in your computer, usually without the owner’s knowledge, for malicious purposes, for example destroying files or the hard disk, spreading to other computers or causing the computer to run badly.
To avoid virus infections, the following are recommended:
Keep your antivirus software up-to-date (it must be regularly updated: being more or less new is not sufficient). To update it, you must consult the instructions from the program’s manufacturer.
Check all incoming documents (by e-mail, disk, downloading, ...) with the antivirus program.
Execute only those programs that have a guaranteed origin and do not injure intellectual property rights.
It is also very important to know that an antivirus program can fail for two reasons: it may not detect a virus because this is different from those it knows; but it may also detect a virus in an inoffensive program that by chance has sequences in its code that are similar to those of a virus. This latter case is known as a "false positive".
E-mail is one of the most important channels for transmitting viruses, as the origin of the message cannot be guaranteed, which involves certain inherent risks, such as that third parties can access the contents of your mail, the sender can be impersonated or a virus be sent. To keep risks to an absolute minimum, we recommend the following:
Don’t directly execute attachments. It is much safer to extract them previously to a directory in your computer.
If you receive unsolicited e-mails, check the mailing with the sender or directly delete the message. They must never be opened, even when they come from a sender you know.
Do not take part in chain messages. There are a very high number of e-mails with false news of a virus. The norm for trading firms and legitimate alert centres is to redirect them to web servers, which can give reliable information and detail the actions to be taken. E-mails must not be re-sent indiscriminately.
Activate the text type in the e-mail customer (for expert users).
Encode sensitive information (for expert users).